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共享上下文,独立引擎:边缘 SoC 上的流式视觉-语言推理

Shared Context, Separate Engines: Streaming Vision--Language Inference on Edge SoCs

Yilong Li · Chengpo Yan · Yijing Zeng · Hanlei Wu · Mingjun Song · Suman Banerjee

中文摘要

边缘 SoC 集成 CPU、GPU 和 NPU,但视觉-语言模型 (VLM) 运行时通常仅在单一引擎上执行生成,导致其他硬件闲置。流式 VLM 具有新帧到达时旧查询仍在处理的并行性,但不同引擎的计算与内存访问特性差异导致资源竞争,单一阶段放置策略难以适应所有 SoC 和工作负载。现有后端本地 KV 状态阻碍了其他引擎的持续工作。\name 协调异构加速器并发执行有状态 VLM 推理,将流的版本化上下文与引擎 KV 状态分离,允许任意引擎通过复用、导入或重建状态继续处理。Stateful Streaming Generation 在一个引擎摄取新帧的同时由另一引擎回答查询,Concurrent Sequence Generation 并行处理不同就绪请求。状态感知调度将请求发送至预计最先完成的引擎,确保每个答案读取固定版本的历史并匹配串行参考。在 Apple M4 Max、Rockchip RK3588 和 Qualcomm QCS6490 上,\name 优于最强单引擎基线。在两个 RK3588 视频流上,其吞吐量比最佳单引擎(含上下文复用)高 19.6%,比无共享状态的并行引擎高 27.2%。跨引擎 KV 导入将首 token 延迟降低 4.6 倍(相比前缀重计算)。Stateful Streaming Generation 吞吐量最高达串行执行的 2.48 倍,状态感知调度将查询完成时间最多减少 72.7%。

关键要点

  1. 01解决边缘 SoC 中 VLM 运行时仅利用单一引擎、其他加速器闲置及后端本地 KV 状态阻碍并发的问题。
  2. 02提出 \name 系统,分离版本化上下文与引擎 KV 状态,支持跨引擎状态复用、导入或重建以实现并发推理。
  3. 03在 Apple M4 Max、Rockchip RK3588 和 Qualcomm QCS6490 上验证,吞吐量比最佳单引擎基线高 19.6% 至 27.2%。
  4. 04跨引擎 KV 导入将首 token 延迟降低 4.6 倍,Stateful Streaming Generation 吞吐量最高达串行执行的 2.48 倍。
  5. 05状态感知调度机制将查询完成时间最多减少 72.7%,确保答案读取固定版本历史并匹配串行参考。

解读

尚无解读。

原始英文摘要

arXiv:2610.35309v2 Announce Type: new Abstract: Edge SoCs pack CPUs, GPUs, and NPUs, yet vision--language model (VLM) runtimes keep generation on one engine and leave the others idle. Streaming VLMs expose further parallelism: new frames arrive while earlier queries are still being answered. Engines differ in compute and memory access and contend when they co-run, so no single placement of stages wins across SoCs and workloads. Backend-local KV state keeps other engines from continuing the work. \name coordinates heterogeneous accelerators to execute stateful VLM inference concurrently. It separates a stream's versioned context from each engine's KV state, so any engine can continue the stream by reusing, importing, or reconstructing that state. Stateful Streaming Generation ingests new frames on one engine while another answers, and Concurrent Sequence Generation serves different ready requests in parallel. State-aware dispatch sends each request to the engine expected to finish it first. Each answer reads a fixed, published version of its history and matches its serial reference. \name beats the strongest single-engine baselines on Apple M4 Max, Rockchip RK3588, and Qualcomm QCS6490, even when they reuse context. On two RK3588 video streams, it delivers $19.6\%$ more throughput than the best single engine with context reuse and $27.2\%$ more than parallel engines without shared state. Cross-engine KV import cuts first-token latency by a factor of $4.6$ over prefix recomputation. Stateful Streaming Generation delivers up to $2.48\times$ the throughput of serial execution, and state-aware dispatch cuts query completion time by up to $72.7\%$.

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