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不只是插补,而是检测:面向边缘异常检测的任务感知扩散流水线

Don't Just Impute, Detect: Task-Aware Diffusion Pipelines for Edge Anomaly Detection

Jeongsu Park · Taehyeon Yun · Geonwoo Kim · Yuji Lim · Moohong Min

中文摘要

工业物联网(IIoT)边缘流水线常因网络中断和硬件故障丢失连续的多传感器数据块。标准做法是割裂的“先插补后检测”流水线,其插补器仅以均方误差(MSE)为训练目标。这类插补器会用最可能的正常模式填补缺失块:部分可观测的异常被平滑回正常状态,而正常数据上的边界伪影会引发误报。我们将此称为插补偏差,并提出任务感知扩散精炼器(TADR),一种针对冻结下游检测器损失景观训练的条件扩散精炼器。由于通过采样轨迹反向传播不可行,任务感知项作用于噪声预测已产生的一步干净窗口估计,因此训练成本不高于普通扩散训练。在五个随机种子的严格逐点评估与配对显著性检验下,TADR 在 SMD 上比未精炼检测器提升 F1 达 0.338(p = 0.0015),消融中仅异常增强目标就贡献 0.463。我们还刻画了方法何时有效:增益与可用的连续、相互冗余通道及中断所移除的异常证据相关,而在以 one-hot 命令通道为主的遥测数据集和 PSM 上则不存在。十步采样下,TADR 在单 CPU 核上每窗口运行 41.4 ms,以 4.03 MB 模型维持约 24 路并发 1 Hz 流。代码与逐种子结果见 https://github.com/int-park422/TADR。

关键要点

  1. 01问题:先插补后检测的流水线因插补器仅优化 MSE 而产生插补偏差,平滑异常并引发误报。
  2. 02方法:TADR 以冻结检测器的损失景观训练条件扩散精炼器,任务感知项作用于一步干净窗口估计,训练成本不增。
  3. 03结果:SMD 上 F1 提升 0.338(p=0.0015),消融中异常增强目标单独贡献 0.463。
  4. 04局限:增益依赖连续冗余通道与中断移除的异常证据,在 one-hot 命令通道数据集和 PSM 上无效。
  5. 05效率:十步采样单 CPU 核每窗口 41.4 ms,4.03 MB 模型支持约 24 路并发 1 Hz 流。

解读

尚无解读。

原始英文摘要

arXiv:2610.40732v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) edge pipelines routinely lose contiguous blocks of multi-sensor data to network dropouts and hardware faults. The standard remedy is a disjointed "impute-then-detect" pipeline whose imputer is trained only for Mean Squared Error (MSE). Such an imputer fills a missing block with the most probable normal pattern: a partially observed anomaly is smoothed back toward normality, and boundary artifacts on normal data raise false alarms. We call this imputation bias and propose the Task-Aware Diffusion Refiner (TADR), a conditional diffusion refiner trained against the loss landscape of a frozen downstream detector. Because back-propagating through the sampling trajectory is intractable, the task-aware terms act on the one-step clean-window estimate that the noise prediction already yields, so training costs no more than plain diffusion training. Under strict Point-to-Point evaluation over five seeds with paired significance tests, TADR raises F1 by $0.338$ over the unrefined detector on SMD ($p = 0.0015$), and the anomaly enhancement objective alone contributes $0.463$ in ablation. We also characterise when the method helps: the gain tracks the continuous, mutually redundant channels available and the anomaly evidence the outage removes, and it is absent on telemetry datasets dominated by one-hot command channels and on PSM. At ten sampling steps TADR runs in $41.4$ ms per window on a single CPU core, sustaining about $24$ concurrent 1 Hz streams from a $4.03$ MB model. Code and per-seed results are available at https://github.com/int-park422/TADR.

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